The Challenge
Greek islands face a pressing water shortage caused by limited freshwater resources, high seasonal demand from tourism, and the effects of climate change. Over-reliance on imported water and excessive groundwater extraction have led to saltwater intrusion, making local water sources unusable. Desalination has emerged as a reliable solution, as modern reverse osmosis (RO) technology provides a stable and independent source of freshwater. In fact, projections indicate that tripling desalination capacity on some islands within the next 25 years may be necessary to ensure a stable, year-round water supply.
Nevertheless, desalination presents significant obstacles, notably high initial infrastructure costs, environmental concerns over brine disposal, and substantial energy requirements. Many Greek islands still depend on diesel generators for electricity, increasing both operating costs and carbon emissions. To address these challenges sustainably, experts advocate for integrating renewable energy into desalination systems, complemented by reliable energy storage solutions. This hybrid approach reduces dependence on fossil fuels, lowers overall costs, and bolsters the self-sufficiency of island communities, thereby creating a more resilient long-term water and energy framework.
The Approach
PLANET was selected by the Region of South Aegean under whose jurisdiction fall more then 30 inhabited islands in Cyclades and Dodecanisa to do a preliminary study defining the problem and exploring potential solutions.
During this study, we looked into the current situation and high-level trends for water availability and demand across the islands, prioritizing those islands that have the biggest issue considering the supply and the demand for water in each island.
Subsequently, different options were developed with respect to how the situation could be addressed in terms of investments required and priorities to be considered, looking also into the benefits of engaging the private sector as a partner.
A preliminary yet valuable approach to addressing a pressing issue
The recommendations of our work included next steps to be followed, and benefits expected from resolving this pressing issue.
Results & Impact
The Region of South Aegean received valuable facts and insights to guide decisions and future actions on resolving this pressing and ongoing issue.
